Diferencias en el uso de los artículos en español: indefinidos versus definidos

En español usamos artículos definidos o indefinidos delante de sustantivos.

El artículo definido tiene cuatro posibles opciones:

La: femenino + singular

El: masculino + singular

Las: femenino + plural

Los: masculino + plural



Sirven para acompañar al sustantivo, por lo que tienen que concordar en género y número. Nos sirven para indicar una persona y/o cosa concreta. Ejemplos:

Las casas están más baratas ahora (Houses are cheaper nowadays)

El vino en las comidas es bueno para el corazón (Wine at mealtimes is good for the heart)

Los medios de comunicación tienen mucho poder (The media have a lot of power)

Las biografías de celebridades se venden muy bien (Celebrities' biographies sell very well)



El artículo indefinido también tiene cuatro posibles opciones, que concuerdan en género y número con el sustantivo al que preceden:

Un: masculino + singular

Una: masculino + singular

Unos: masculino + plural

Unas: femenino + plural



Nos sirve para identificar algo y/o alguien que no es conocido por el hablante, o que no es específico:

Nos quedan unos mil euros (We have about a thousand euros left)

Han ido a tomar unas cervezas al bar de la esquina (They've gone to have a few beers in the local bar)

Yo tengo un coche rápido (I have a fast car)

Ella es una chica colombiana (She´s a Colombian girl)


A continuación os reto a que indiquéis qué artículo pondríais en las siguientes oraciones:


1) Es médico pero no (un/el) médico cualquiera; es (el/la) premio Nobel de Medicina de este año.

2) Me encanta (el/un) cine, aunque a mis amigos les gusta (el/la) teatro.

3) En (los/las) países fríos, (un/el) uso de (la/el) calefacción está muy extendido.

4) (Las/Unas) casas están más baratas ahora, gracias a que han bajado (unos/los) intereses bancarios.

5) No te olvides de comprar (un/el) pan antes de volver a (la/el) casa de tu abuela.


¡Espero vuestras respuestas!






7 marzo 2018
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Yolanda De La Fuente

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Hi all: My name is Yolanda, I'm from Madrid (Spain) although I'm currently living in Portugal. I have a Degree in Education and a Master's Degree in Addressing Diversity Issues and Educational Support. But my learning experience is always an ongoing process, that's why I'm taking a course to improve my knowledge of how to teach Spanish to Foreigners, as well as other courses that I have already done and related to teaching Spanish as a Second Language. I'm a qualified teacher with three years of experience in England, teaching English and Spanish to students with learning difficulties, and also with experience as a private tutor, teaching Spanish face to face and online, mainly to teenagers and adults. Teaching is my passion, is what I really enjoy doing, and helping others to learn not only my mother tongue, but also my culture and traditions, is what I've been doing for the past three years. I will teach you how to write and communicate accurately, but not only that, as you w...
Flag
Spagnolo
globe
Spagna
time
1.347
Parla:
Spagnolo
Madrelingua
,
Inglese
C1
Hi all: My name is Yolanda, I'm from Madrid (Spain) although I'm currently living in Portugal. I have a Degree in Education and a Master's Degree in Addressing Diversity Issues and Educational Support. But my learning experience is always an ongoing process, that's why I'm taking a course to improve my knowledge of how to teach Spanish to Foreigners, as well as other courses that I have already done and related to teaching Spanish as a Second Language. I'm a qualified teacher with three years of experience in England, teaching English and Spanish to students with learning difficulties, and also with experience as a private tutor, teaching Spanish face to face and online, mainly to teenagers and adults. Teaching is my passion, is what I really enjoy doing, and helping others to learn not only my mother tongue, but also my culture and traditions, is what I've been doing for the past three years. I will teach you how to write and communicate accurately, but not only that, as you w...
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